3/16/2023 0 Comments Atlas bone![]() ![]() Anteriorly, it is formed by a vertebral body, dens axis, two pedicles, and two transverse processes. ![]() The axis can be divided into anterior and posterior components. It articulates superiorly with the atlas, and inferiorly with the third cervical vertebra. The axis is the second vertebra of the vertebral column, located in the superior portion of the cervical region of the spine. Median atlantoaxial joint (x1), lateral atlantoaxial joint (x2) Transverse foramen, apex of transverse process Groove for the vertebral artery, inferior intervertebral notch Medial longitudinal ridge, superior articular surface, inferior articular surface, transverse processĪpex of dens axis, neck of dens axis, anterior articular facet, posterior articular facet Vertebral body, dens axis, pedicle (x2), transverse process (x2), lamina (x2), spinous process Second vertebra of the cervical spine, found between the atlas (C1) and C3 ![]() This article will discuss the anatomy and function of the axis. The dens axis plays an important function for the movement of the head, acting as a stable pivot around which the atlas and head rotate. Its most characteristic feature is the prominent superior projection known as the dens axis, or odontoid process. The axis, also known as the epistropheus, is the second cervical vertebra (C2) that has some similarities to a typical cervical vertebra but is categorized as an atypical vertebra because of its unique features. No two vertebrae are identical, however, each can fall under the category of typical or atypical vertebrae, depending on their structural composition. The vertebral column can be divided into the cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, the sacrum and coccyx. The vertebral column (spine or backbone) is a curved structure composed of bony vertebrae, interconnected by a series of cartilaginous intervertebral discs. ![]()
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